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Chi-square Test of Independence using CNN exit polling data

If you are trying to explain the Chi-Square Test of Independence to your students, here are some timely examples that are political and not polarizing. Well, I don't think it is polarizing. I'm sure there are people out there that disagree. Maybe some of the questions are polarizing? Regardless, it is nice to have an example that uses a current event with easy to understand data.  The example comes from  CNN. The network conducted exit polling during the 2020 presidential election . I'm sure they didn't intend to provide us with a bunch of chi-square examples, but here we are. Essentially, CNN divided Biden and Trump voters into many categories with not a parameter to be had. I have included a few of the tables here, but there are many others on the website .  They illustrate different designs (2x2, 2x3, 2x4, etc.) and different magnitudes of difference between expected and observed values. 

We should teach intro stats students about relative vs. absolute risk

Do you know what bugs me? How much time different intro stats textbooks spend talking about probability, lots of A not B stuff*, lots of probability associated with the normal distribution, etc. But we don't take advantage of the discussion to warn their students about the evils of relative vs. absolute risk. #statsliteracy Relative risk is the most clickbaity abuse of statistics that there is. Well, maybe the causal claims based on correlational data are more common. But I think the relative risk is used to straight-up scare people, possibly changing their behaviors and choices. I thought of it most recently when The Daily Mail (bless) used explained the difference in COVID-19 risk between dog owners and non-dog owners .   Here is the data described in the headline, straight from the original paper : Really, Daily Mail? How dare you. I think the most clever, trickiest, sneakiest ways to mislead with data are by not lying with data at all. Most truncated y-axes display actual ...

Ways to use funny meme scales in your stats classes

Have you ever heard of the theory that there are multiple people worldwide thinking about the same novel thing at the same time? It is the multiple discovery hypothesis of invention . Like, multiple great minds around the world were working on calculus at the same time. Well, I think a bunch of super-duper psychology professors were all thinking about scale memes and pedagogy at the same time. Clearly, this is just as impressive as calculus. Who were some of these great minds? 1) Dr.  Molly Metz maintains a curated list of hilarious "How you doing?" scales.  2) Dr. Esther Lindenström posted about using these scales as student check-ins. 3) I was working on a blog post about using such scales to teach the basics of variables.  So, I decided to create a post about three ways to use these scales in your stats classes:  1) Teaching the basics of variables. 2) Nominal vs. ordinal scales.  3) Daily check-in with your students.  1. Teach your students the basics...

Z-score example, as inspired my Sa-kiera's George Michael stanning.

 So, as I sit here in December of 2020, I am being inundated with screenshots summarizing other people's Spotify listening data for the last year. Among the descriptive statistics provided by Spotify is recognition, in percentage form, of super fans who listened to A LOT of a given artist's music. Like my Tweep Dr. Sa-kiera Hudson , who loves George Michael. A whole bunch. Since my brain views reality as Stat Teaching Example or Not a Stats Teaching Example, I thought to myself, "Huh, wonder what Kiera's George Michael z-score is? It is a 3.72. And THAT made me think that this could be a funny homework question or in-class example when teaching z-scores.  But then I would need more examples, so I went to the original, very salty prompt for everyone posting their Spotify portions: And here are a bunch more for you to use in class. Throw them at your student for a class warm-up exercise. Use them for extra credit on an exam. Embrace the silly.  Admittedly, some of...

Pretty Stats Stock Images

Have you ever looked through stock images for data and statistics? They are fine. They aren't great, they aren't awful, they are just fine. Like, they either look like something from The Matrix: Or like statisticians are magicians: Some images are a combination of the first two, with a statistician-magician freeing himself from The Matrix: Again, they aren't terrible but they aren't beautiful.  Lucky for you, I'm a magpie collecting interesting statistical things, including interesting statistics/data images accompanying news stories. Many talented artists have created beautiful, abstract stats images to accompany their articles. They look very nice as a background on a PowerPoint, an opening page on Blackboard, or an image on a syllabus. Here are some of my favorites. I've included citations or where I found the images where I can and plan to reverse Google search the rest someday. Needless to say, I created none of this.  https://twitter.com/RetractionWatch/st...